Learn English FREE with Trancy & CNN 10 | Why Some People May Attract Mosquitoes

The broadcast covers the growing concern over mosquito-borne viruses in the Northeastern United States. These mosquitoes are not only a typical summertime nuisance but are now transmitting rare and sometimes deadly viruses. The discussion includes the factors that make certain people more attractive to mosquitoes, such as body temperature and scent. Scientists are investigating various prevention methods to help reduce the risk of these illnesses, emphasizing the importance of public health measures and individual precautions to minimize exposure.

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Credit: @CNN10

Vocabulary and Phrases:

Vocabulary:

1. Nuisance: Something that causes inconvenience or annoyance.
   Example: Mosquitoes are often considered a nuisance during the summer months.

2. Virus: A microscopic organism that can infect living organisms and cause disease.
   Example: The mosquito transmitted a deadly virus to its host.

3. Prevention: The act of stopping something from happening.
   Example: Prevention measures include using mosquito repellent and wearing protective clothing.

4. Exposure: The state of being exposed to something harmful.
   Example: Reducing exposure to mosquitoes can lower the risk of infection.

Phrase Match

Phrase	Meaning	Example
Public health measures	Actions taken by governments to protect the health of the population.	Public health measures are crucial in preventing the spread of mosquito-borne diseases.
Mosquito-borne viruses	Diseases transmitted by mosquitoes.	Mosquito-borne viruses are a significant threat in tropical regions.
Reduce the risk	To lower the chance of something happening.	Wearing long sleeves can help reduce the risk of mosquito bites.

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Reading Material for G8 Students:

Why Do Mosquitoes Bite Some People More?

In the Northeastern United States, mosquitoes are becoming more than just a summer nuisance. These tiny insects are spreading dangerous viruses that can make people very sick, and sometimes, the viruses can even be deadly. Some people seem to attract mosquitoes more than others. But why is that?

Scientists have discovered that mosquitoes are drawn to certain things, like body heat and smells. For example, if you sweat more or have a certain scent, mosquitoes might be more interested in you. The weather also plays a role. During hot, humid days, mosquitoes are more active. They also like to hang around places where there’s standing water, such as ponds, puddles, or even in your backyard birdbath.

While mosquitoes are a part of summer life, it’s important to protect yourself from their bites, especially when they can carry diseases. Using insect repellent and wearing long sleeves can help keep these pesky insects away.

Vocabulary:

1. Nuisance: Something that causes inconvenience or annoyance. Example: Mosquitoes can be a real nuisance during the summer.
2. Virus: A small germ that can make people sick. Example: The flu is caused by a virus.
3. Attract: To draw something closer. Example: Flowers attract bees with their bright colors.
4. Insect: A small animal with six legs and usually wings. Example: A butterfly is a type of insect.
5. Disease: An illness that affects a person's body. Example: Colds and flu are common diseases.

Grammar:

1. Simple Present: Used for facts or habits. Example: Mosquitoes bite people when they need blood.
2. Comparatives: Used to compare two things. Example: Some people are more attractive to mosquitoes than others.

Synonym Match:

Word	Synonym
Nuisance	Annoyance
Virus	Germ
Attract	Draw
Disease	Illness
Active	Energetic

Phrase Match:

Phrase	Meaning	Example
Summer nuisance	A common problem during summer	Mosquitoes are a summer nuisance.
Standing water	Water that does not move	Mosquitoes breed in standing water.
Body heat	Warmth from a human body	Mosquitoes are attracted to body heat.

Gap Fill:

Mosquitoes are more than just a _______________(1) during the summer. In the Northeastern United States, they are spreading _______________(2) that can make people very sick. Some people seem to attract mosquitoes more than others because of their _______________(3) or body _______________(4). To protect yourself, you can use insect _______________(5) and wear long sleeves.

Answers: (1) nuisance, (2) viruses, (3) smell, (4) heat, (5) repellent.

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Reading Material for G11 Students:

Why Some People Attract Mosquitoes More Than Others

In the Northeastern United States, mosquitoes are doing more than just annoying people during the summer—they're spreading dangerous and sometimes deadly viruses. These diseases, such as the West Nile virus, can have serious consequences. Some individuals seem to be more attractive to mosquitoes than others. But what factors contribute to this?

Research shows that mosquitoes are drawn to certain chemicals released by human skin, such as lactic acid and carbon dioxide from breathing. People who produce more of these chemicals, or sweat more, are more likely to be bitten. In addition to body chemistry, environmental conditions play a significant role. Hot, humid weather creates the perfect conditions for mosquitoes to thrive, as does the presence of standing water where they breed.

To combat the risk of mosquito-borne illnesses, it’s important to take precautions. Wearing insect repellent, covering up exposed skin, and eliminating standing water around your home can reduce the chance of being bitten and contracting a virus.

Vocabulary:

1. Lactic Acid: A substance produced by muscles during exercise. Example: Lactic acid buildup can cause muscle soreness.
2. Carbon Dioxide: A gas we exhale when we breathe. Example: Plants absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.
3. Chemistry: The study of substances and their interactions. Example: Body chemistry affects how attractive you are to mosquitoes.
4. Precaution: An action taken to prevent harm. Example: Wearing bug spray is a good precaution against mosquito bites.
5. Virus: A small infectious agent that can replicate only inside living cells. Example: The flu is caused by a virus.

Grammar:

1. Present Perfect: Used for actions that have an effect on the present. Example: Mosquitoes have spread dangerous viruses this summer.
2. Conditionals: Used to talk about possible or imaginary situations. Example: If you eliminate standing water, mosquitoes will have fewer places to breed.

Synonym Match:

Word	Synonym
Dangerous	Risky
Precaution	Safeguard
Thriving	Growing
Infectious	Contagious
Expose	Reveal

Phrase Match:

Phrase	Meaning	Example
Dangerous virus	A virus that can cause serious harm	The West Nile virus is a dangerous virus.
Body chemistry	The natural substances produced by the body	Body chemistry affects mosquito attraction.
Environmental conditions	Weather and surroundings affecting living organisms	Mosquitoes thrive in certain environmental conditions.

Gap Fill:

In the Northeastern United States, mosquitoes are spreading _______________(1) that can cause serious illness. Some people are more attractive to mosquitoes because of their _______________(2), such as the chemicals their skin _______________(3). To prevent bites, it’s important to eliminate _______________(4) and use insect _______________(5).

Answers: (1) viruses, (2) body chemistry, (3) releases, (4) standing water, (5) repellent.

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Reading Material for University Students:

Mosquito-Borne Viruses and Human Attraction: The Science Behind It

As temperatures rise across the Northeastern United States, the presence of mosquitoes has become more than just a seasonal nuisance; it now poses a serious public health threat. Mosquitoes are vectors for various viruses, such as West Nile and Eastern Equine Encephalitis, which can lead to severe illness or death in humans. Some individuals are more prone to mosquito bites than others, and understanding the science behind this phenomenon is crucial in controlling the spread of these diseases.

Recent research has shown that mosquitoes are particularly attracted to certain human scents, especially those emitted by individuals who produce more lactic acid, carbon dioxide, or sweat. In addition, factors such as blood type, skin bacteria, and even alcohol consumption can affect how appealing one is to mosquitoes. Furthermore, environmental conditions, including humidity and the presence of standing water, create optimal breeding grounds for these insects.

Preventing the spread of mosquito-borne diseases requires both individual and community efforts. On a personal level, using insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and staying indoors during peak mosquito activity can reduce the risk. Communities must also focus on eliminating standing water and applying insecticides in areas with high mosquito populations.

Vocabulary:

1. Vector: An organism that transmits disease. Example: Mosquitoes are vectors for diseases like malaria.
2. Encephalitis: Inflammation of the brain. Example: Eastern Equine Encephalitis is a rare but deadly disease.
3. Susceptible: Likely to be harmed or affected. Example: Young children are more susceptible to mosquito bites.
4. Optimal: Most favorable conditions. Example: Mosquitoes thrive in optimal breeding environments.
5. Insecticide: A substance used to kill insects. Example: Insecticides are used to control mosquito populations.

Grammar:

1. Passive Voice: Used when the focus is on the action rather than who performs it. Example: Diseases are spread by mosquitoes.
2. Complex Sentences: Sentences with multiple clauses. Example: While some people are more attractive to mosquitoes, everyone is at risk of being bitten.

Synonym Match:

Word	Synonym
Susceptible	Vulnerable
Transmit	Spread
Breeding grounds	Habitats
Optimal	Ideal
Appeal	Attractiveness

Phrase Match:

Phrase	Meaning	Example
Vector for diseases	An organism that spreads illnesses	Mosquitoes are vectors for deadly diseases.
Inflammation of the brain	Swelling of the brain due to infection	Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain.
Preventing the spread	Stopping the transmission	Preventing the spread of disease is essential.

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Gap Fill:

Mosquitoes are not only a nuisance but also _______________(1) for spreading deadly _______________(2) like West Nile virus and encephalitis. People who produce more _______________(3) and carbon dioxide are often more susceptible to mosquito bites. Eliminating _______________(4) and using _______________(5) are effective methods to prevent the spread of mosquito-borne diseases.

Answers: (1) vectors, (2) viruses, (3) lactic acid, (4) standing water, (5) insecticides.

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